PartⅠ
Section A:
1. Between 1897 and 1919 at least 29 motion pictures in which artificial
beings were portrayed _____.
A. had produced B. have been produced C. would have produced D. had been
produced
2. There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of getting cancer
than ___ in the public mind today.
A. exists B. exist C. existing D. existed
3. The professor can hardly find sufficient grounds _____ his argument in
favor of the new theory.
A. which to base on B. on which to base C. to base on which D. which to
be based on
4. ________ can help but be fascinated by the world into which he is taken
by the science fiction.
A. Everybody B. Anybody C. Somebody D. Nobody
5. How many of us ___, say, a meeting that is irrelevant to us would be
interested in the discussion?
A. attended B. Attending C. to attend D. have attended
6. Hydrogen is the fundamental element of the universe ____ it provides
he building blocs from which the other elements are produced.
A. so that B. but that C. in that D. provided that
7. We are taught that a business letter should be written in a formal style
____ in a personal one.
A. rather than B. Other than C. better than D. less than
8. ______ is generally accepted, economical growth is determined by the
smooth development of production.
A. What B. That C. It D. As
9. It is believed that today's pop music can serve as a creative force ____
stimulating the thinking of its listeners.
A. by B. with C. at D. on
10. Just as the soil is a part of the earth, _____ the atmosphere.
A. as it is B. the same as C. so is D. and so is
Section B(改错):
ll . The conveniences that Americans desire reflecting not so much a leisurely
lifestyle as a
A B
busy lifestyle in which even minutes of time are too valuable to be wasted.
C D
12. In debating one must conect the opponent's facts, deny the relevance
of his proof, or deny
A
that what he presents as proof, unless relevant , is sufficient.
B C D
13 . We are not conscious of the extent of which provides the psychological
satisfaction that can
A B C
make the difference between a full and an empty life.
D
14. The Portuguese give a great deal of credit to one man for having promoted
sea travel, that
A B C
man was Prince Henry the navigator, who lived in the 15th century.
D
15 . Accounts of scientific experiments are generally correct for those
write about science are
A B C
careful in checking the accuracy of their reports.
D
16. whenever we hear of a natural disaster, even in a distant part of the
world, we feel sympathy
A B C
for the people to have affected.
D
17 . It is perhaps not an exaggeration to say that we shall soon be trusting
our health, wealth
A B
and happiness to elements with whom very names the general public are unfamiliar.
C D
18. The speaker claimed that no other modern nation devotes so small a portion
of its wealth to
A B
public assistance and health than the United States does.
C D
19 . There are those who consider it questionable that these defence-linked
research projects
A
will account for an improvement in the standard of living or, alternately,
to do much to protect
B C
our diminishing resources.
D
20. If individuals are awakend each time as they begin a dream phase of
sleep, they are likely to
A B
become irritable even though their total amount of sleep has been sufficient.
C D
Section C:
21. In that country, guests tend to feel they are not highly ___ if the
invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before
the party date.
A. admired B. regarded C. expected D. worshipped
22. A _____ of the long report by the budget committed was submitted to
the mayor for approval.
A. shorthand B. scheme C. schedule D. sketch
23. A man has to make ____ for his old age by putting aside enough money
to live on when old.
A. supply B. assurance C. provision D. adjustment
24. The newly-built Science Building seems _____ enough to last a hundred
years.
A. spacious B. sophisticated C. substantial D. steady
25. It is well-known that the retired workers in our country are ___ free
medical care.
A. entitled to B. involved in C. associated with D. assigned to
26. The farmers were more anxious for rain than the people in the city because
they had more at ____.
A. danger B. stake C. loss D. threat
27. I felt ____ to death because I could make nothing of the chairman's
speech.
A. fatigued B. tired C. exhausted D. bored
28. When the engine would nto start, the mechanic inspected all the parts
to find what was at ___.
A. wrong B. trouble C. fault D. difficulty
29. Your advice would be ____ valuable to him, who is at present at his
wit's end.
A. exceedingly B. excessively C. extensively D. exclusively
30. He failed to carry out some of the provisions of the contract, and now
he has to _____ the consequences.
A. answer for B. run into C. abide by D. step into
31. The river is already _____ its bans because of excessive rainfall; and
the city is threatened with a likely flood.
A. parallel to B. level in C. flat on D. flush with
32. People _____ that vertical flight transports would carry millions of
passengers as do the airliners of today.
A. convinced B. anticipated C. resolved D. assured
33. In spite of the wide range of reading material specially written or
_____ for language learning purposes, there is yet no comprehensive systematic
programmed for the reading skills.
A. adapted B. acknowledged C. assembled D. appointed
34. The mother said she would ____ her son washing the dished If he could
finish his assignment before supper.
A. let down B. let alone C. let off D. let out
35. We should always keep in mind that _____ decisions often lead to bitter
regrets.
A. urgent B. hasty C. instant D. prompt
36. John complained to the bookseller that there were several pages ____
in the dictionary.
A. missing B. losing C dropping D. leaking
37. In the past, most foresters have been men, but today, the number of
women ____ this field is climbing.
A. engaging B. devoting C. registering D. pursuing
38. The supervisor didn't have time so far to go into it _____, but he gave
us an idea about his plan.
A. at hand B. in turn C. in conclusion D. at length
39. Their demand for a pay raise has not the slightest ____ of being met.
A. prospect B. prediction C. prosperity D. permission
40. It's usually the case that people seldom behave in a _____ way when
in a furious state.
A. stable B. rational C. legal D. credible
Part Two:
Sleep is divided into periods of so-called REM sleep, characterized by
rapid eye movements and dreaming, and longer periods of non-REM sleep.
41 kind of sleep is at all well-understood , but REM sleep is 42 to serve
some restorative function of the brain. The purpose of non-REM sleep is
even more 43 .The new experiments, such as these 44 for the first time
at a recent meeting of the Society for Sleep Research in Minneapolis,
suggest fascinating explanations 45 of non-REM sleep .
For example, it has long been known that total sleep 46 is 1OO percent
fatal to rats, yet ,47 exanlination of the dead bodies , the animals look
completely normal . A researcher has now 48 the mystery of why the aninlals
die. The rats 49 bacterial infections of the blood ,50 their immune systems--the
self-protecting mechanism against disease--had crashed.
41 . (A)Either (B)Ndther (C)Each tn)Any
42 . (A) intended ( B)required ( C) assumed ( D) inferred
43 . (A) subtle (B)obvious (C)mysterious (D)doubtful
44 . (A) maintained ( B) described (C)settled (D)afforded
45. (A)in the light (B)by virtue (C)with the exception (D)for the purpose
46 . (A) reduction ( B) destruction (C) deprivation (D) restriction
47. (A)upon (B)by (C)through (D)with
48. (A)paid attention to (B)caught sight of tc)laid emphasis on (D)cast
light on
49 . (A) develop (B)produce (c)stimulate (D)induce
50. (A)if (B)as if (C)only if (D)if only
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehensinn
Passage l
Money spent on advertising is money spent as well as any I know of. It
serves directly to assist a rapid distribotion of goods at reasonable
price, thereby establishing a firm home market and so making it possible
to provide for export at competitive prices. By drawing attention to new
ideas it helps enormously to raise standards of living. By helping to
increase demand it ensures an increased need for labour, and is therefore
an effective way to fight unemployment. It lowers the costs of many services:
without advertisements your daily newspaper would cost four times as much,
the price of your television licence would need to be doubled, and travel
by bus or tube would cost 20 per cent more.
And perhaps most important of all, advertising provides a guarantee of
reasonable value in
the products and services you buy. Apart from the fact that twenty-seven
acts of Parliament gov-
ern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare promote a product
that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements. He might fool
some people for a little while through misleading advertising. He will
not do so for long, for mercifully the public has the good sense not to
buy the inferior article more than once. If you see an article consistently
advertised, it is the surest proof I know that the article does what is
claimed for it , and that it represents good value.
Advertising does more for the material benefit of the community than any
other force I can think of.
There is one more point I feel I ought to touch on. Recently I heard a
well-known television
personality declare that he was against advertising because it persuades
rather than informs. He was drawing excessively fine distinctions. Of
course advertising seeks to persuade.
If its message were confined merely to information-and that in itself
would be difficult if not impossible to achieve, for even a detail such
as the choice of the colour of a shirt is subtly persuasive----advertising
would be so boring that no one would pay any attention. But perhaps that
is what the well-known television personality wants.
51 . By the first sentence of the passage the author means that__.
(A) he is fairly familiar with the cost of advertising
(B) everybody knows well that advertising is money consuming
(C) advertising costs money like everything else
(D) it is worthwhile to spend money on advertising
52. In the passage, which of the following is NOT included in the advantages
of advertising?
(A) Securing greater fame. (C) Enhancing living standards.
(B) Providing more jobs. (D) Reducing newspaper cost.
53 . The author deems that the well-known TV personality is_.
(A) very precise in passing his judgement on advertising
(B) interested in nothing but the buyers' attention
(C) correct in telling the difference between persuasion and information
(D) obviously partial in his views on advertising
54. In the author's opinton,__.
(A) advertising can seldom bring material benefit to man by providing
(B) advertising informs people of new ideas rather than wins them over
(C) there is nothing wrong with advertising in persuading the buyer
(D) the buyer is not interested in getting information from an advenisement
Passage 2
There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as
a process. People have generally viewed personal growth as an external
result or product that can easily be identified and measured. The worker
who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner
who learns a new language-all these are examples of people who have measurable
results to show for their efforts.
By contrast, the process of personal growth is much more difficult to
determine, since by definition it is a journey and not the specific signposts
or landmarks along the way.The process is not the road itsetf, but rather
the attitudes and feellings people have, their caution or courge, as they
encounter new experiences and unexpected obstacles. In this process ,the
journey never really ends; there are always new ways to experience the
world, new ideas to try, new challenges to accept .
In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a willingness
to take risks, to confront the unknown, and to accept the possibility
that they may "fail"at first. How we see our-selves as we try
a new way of being is essential to our abitity to grow. Do we perceive
ourselves as quick and curious? If so, then we tend to take more chances
and to be more open to unfamiliar experiences. Do we think we're shy and
indecisive? Then our sense of timidity can cause us to hesitate, to move
slowly, and not to take a step until we know the ground is safe. Do we
thiQk we're slow to adapt to change or that we' re not smart enough to
cope with a new challenge? Then we are likely to take a more passive role
or not try at all.
These feelings of insecurity and self-doubt are both unavoidable and necessary
if we are to change and grow. If we do not confront and overcome these
internal fears and doubts, if we protect ourselves too much, then we cease
to grow. We become trapped inside a shell of our own making .
55 . A person is generally believed to achieve personal growth then__.
(A) he has given up his smoking habit
(B) he has made great efforts in his work
(C) he is keen on leaming anything new
(D) he has tried to determine where he is on his journey
56. In the author' s eyes, one who views personal growth as a process
would__.
(A) succeed in climbing up the social ladder
(B) judge his ability to glow from his own achievements
(C) face difficulties and take up challenges
(D) aim high and reach his goal each time
57. When the author says "a new way of being" (line 3, para.
3) he is referring to__.
(A) a new approach to experiencing the world (C) a new method of perceiving
ourselves
(B) a new way of taking risks (D) a new system of adaptation to change
58. For personal growth ,the author advocates all of the following except_.
(A) curiosity about more chances ( C) open-mindedness to new experiences
(B) promptness in self-adaptation (D) avoidance of intemal fears and doubts
Passage 3
In such a changing , complex society formerly simple solutions to informational
needs become complicated. Many of life' s problems which were solved by
asking family members, friends or colleagues are beyond the capability
of the extended family to resolve. Where to turn for expert information
and how to determine which expert advice to accept are qaestions facing
many people today.
In addition to this, there is the growing mobility of people since World
War Ⅱ. As families move away from their stable community, their friends
of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow
of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information
will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable. The
almost unconscious flow of information about the simplest aspects of living
can be cut off. Thus, things once learned subconsciously through the casual
communications of the extended family must be consciously learned .
Adding to societal changes today is an enormous stockpile of information.
The individual now has more information available than any generation,
and the task of finding that one piece of information relevant to his
or her specific problem is complicated , time-consuming and sometimes
even overwhelming .
Coupled with the growing quantity of information is the development of
technologies which enable the storage and delivery of more information
with greater speed to more locations than has ever been possible before.
Computer technology makes it possible to store vast amounts of data in
machine-readable files, and to program computers to locate specific information
. Telecommunications developments enable the sending of messages via television,
radio, and very shortly, electronic mail to bombard people with multitudes
of messages. Satellites have extended the power of communications to report
events at the instant of occurrence. Expertise can be shared world wide
through teleconferencing , and problems in dispute can be settled without
the parttcipants leaving their homes and/or jobs to travel to a distant
conference site. Technology has facilitated the sharing of information
and the storage and delivery of information, thus making more information
available to more people.
In this world of change and complexity , the need for infomtatian is of
greatest importance.
Those people who have accurate , reliable up-to-date information to solve
the day-to-day problems,the critical problems of their business, social
and family life, will survive and succeed. "Knowledge is power"
may well be the truest saying and access to information may be the most
critical requirement of all people.
59. The word "it" (line 3, para. 2) most probably refers to__.
(A) the lack of stable communities
(B) the breakdown of informal information channels
(C) the increased mobility of families
(D) the growing number of people moving from place to place
60. The main problem people may encounter today arises form the fact that__.
(A) they have to learn new things consciously
(B) they lack the confidence of securing reliable and trustworthy information
(C) they have difficulty obtaining the needed informatton readily
(D) they can hardly carry out casual communications with an extended family.
61 . From the passage we can infer that__.
(A) electronic mail will soon play a dominant role in transmitting messages
(B) it will become more difficult for people to keep secrets in an information
era
(C) people will spend less time holding meetings or conferences
(D) events will be reported on the spot mainly through satellites
62. We can learn from the last paragraph that __.
(A) it is necessary to obtain as much
(B) people should make the best use of the information
(C) we shoutd realize the importance of accumulating information .
(D) it is of vital importance to acquire needed information efficiently
Passage 4
Personality is to a large extent inherent--A-type parents usually bring
about A-type offspring. But the environment must also have a profound
effect, since if competition is important to the parents, it is likely
to become a major factor in the lives of their children.
One place where children soak up A-characteristics is school , which is,
by its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools
adopt the 'win at all costs' moral standard and measure their success
by sporting achievements. The current passion for making children compete
against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system
, in which competitive Atypes seem in some way better than their B-type
fellows. Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences: remember
that Pheidippides , the first marathon runner , dropped dead seconds after
saying: ' Rejoice, we conquer! '
By far the worst form of competition in schools is the disproportionate
emphasis on examinations. It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate
on those things they do well. The merits of competition by examination
are somewhat questionable , but competition in the certain knowledge of
failure is positively harmful.
Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A-youngsters
change into B' s. The world needs A types, and schools have an important
duty to try to fit a child' s personality to his possible future employment
. It is top management .
If the preoccupation of schools with academic work was lessened, more
time might be spent teaching children surer values. Perhaps selection
for the caring professions , especially medicine,could be made less by
good grades in chemistry and more by such considerations as sensitivity
and sympathy. It is surely a mistake to choose our doctors exclusively
from A-type stock. B's are important and should be encouraged.
63 . According to the passage , A-type individuals are usually__.
(A) impatient ( B) considerate ( C) aggressive (D) agreeable
64. The author is strongly opposed to the practice of examinations at
schoois because__.
(A) the pressure is too great on the students
(B) some students are bound to fail
(C) failure rates are too high
(D) the results of exarninations are doubtful
65 . The selection of medical professionals are currentiy based on__.
(A) candidates' sensitivity (C) competitive spirit
(B) academic acbievements (D) surer values
66. From the passage we can draw the oonclusion that__.
(A) the personality of a child is well established at birth
(B) family innuence dominates the shaping of one' s characteristics .
(C) the development of one' s personality is due to multiple factors
(D) B-type characteristics can find no place in competitive society
Passage 5
That experiences influence subsequent behaviour is evidence of an obvious
but nevertheless remarkable activity called remembering. Learning could
not occur without the function popularly named memory.Constant practice
has such as effect on memory as to lead to skillful performance on the
piano, to recitation of a poem, and even to reading and understanding
these words. So-called intelligent behaviour demands memory , remembering
being a primary requirement for reasoning. The ability to solve any problem
or even to recognize that a problem exists depends on memory. Typically,
the decision to cross a street is based on remembering many earlier experiences
.
Practice (or review) tends to build and maintain memory for a task or
for any learned material. Over a period of no practice what has been learned
tends to be forgotten; and the adaptive consquences may not seem obvious.
Yet, dramatic instances of sudden forgetting can seem to be adaptive.
In this sense, the ability to forget can be intffpreted to have survived
through a process of natural selection in animals.Inded, when one's memory
of an emotionally painful experience lead to serious anxiety, forgetting
may produoe relief. Nevertheless, an evolutionary interpretation might
make it difficult to understand how the commonly gradual process of forgetting
survived natural selection.
In thinking about the evolution of memory together with all its possible
aspects,it is helpful to consider what would happen if memories failed
to fade. Forgetting clearly aids orientation in time, since old memories
weaken and the new tend to stand out,providing clues for inferring duration.
Without fotgetting, adaptive ability would suffer, for example ,learned
behaviour that might have been correct a decade ago may no longer be.
Cases are recorded of people who (by or-dinary standards) forgot so little
that their everyday activities were full of confusion. This forgetting
seems to serve that survival of the individual and the species.
Another line of thought assumes a memory storage system of limited capacity
that provides adaptive flexibility specifically through forgetting. In
this view, continual adjustments are made between learning or memory storage
( input) and forgetting (output) . Indeed, there is evidence that the
rate at which individuals forget is directly related to how much they
have learned. Such data offers gross support of contemporary models of
memory that assume an input-output balance.
67. From the evolutionary point of view,__.
(A) forgetting for lack of practice tends to be obviously inadaptive .
(B) if a person gets very forgetful all of a sudden he must be very adaptive
(C) the gradual process of forgetting is an indication of an individual'
s adaptability
(D) sudden forgetting may bring about adaptive consequences
68. According to the passage, if a person never forgot ,__.
(A) he would survive best (C) his ability to learn would be enhanced
(B) he would have a lot of trouble (D) the evolution of memory would stop
69. From the last paragraph we know that__.
(A) forgetfulness is a response to learning
(B) the memory storage system is an exactly balanced input-output systenl
(C) memory is a compensation for forgetting
(D) the capacity of a memory storage system is limited because forgetting
occurs
70. In this article, the author tries to interpret the function of__.
(A) remembering (B) forgetting (C) adapting (D) experiencing
Part Ⅳ English-Chinese Translation
The standardized educational or psychological test that are widely used
to aid in selecting,
classifying, assigning, or promoting students, employees, and military
personnel have been the target of recent attacks in books, magazines,
the daily press, and even in congress. 71 )The target is wrong, for in
attacking the tests, critics divert attention form the fault that lies
with ill-informed or incompetent users. The tests themselves are merely
tools , with characteristics that can be measured with reasonable precision
under specified conditions. Whether the results will be valuable , meaningless,
or even misleading depends partly upon the tool itself but largely upon
the user .
All informed predictions of future performance are based upon some knowledge
of relevant past performance: school grades, research productivity, sales
records, or whatever is appropriate. 72 )How well the predictions will
be validated by later performance depends upon the amount , reliability
, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom
with which it is interpreted. Anyone who keeps careful score knows that
the information available is always incomplete and that the predictions
are always subject to error.
Standardized tests should be considered in this context. They provide
a quick, objective method of getting some kinds of information about what
a person learned , the sktlls he has developed, or the kind of person
he is. The information so obtained has, qualitatively, the same advantages
and shortcomings as other kinds of information. 73)Whether to use tests.
other kinds of information, or both in a particular situation depends,
therefore, upon the evidence from experience concerning comparative validity
and upon such factors as cost and availability.
74)In general,the tests work most effectivelv when the qualities to be
measured can be most precisely defined and least effectively when what
is to be messured or predicted cannot be well defined. Properly used,
they provide a rapid means of getting comparable information about many
people Sometimes they identify students whose high potential has not been
previously recognized, but there are many things they do not do. 75)For
example, they do not compensate for gross social inequality, and thus
do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had
he grown up under more favorable circumstances.
Part Ⅴ Wrlting (15 points)
DIRECTIONS :
A. Title: THE "PROJECT HOPE"
B. Time limit : 40 minutes
C. Word limit : 120 - 150 words (not including the given opening sentence)
D. Your composition should be based on the OUTLINE below and should start
with the
given opening sentence : "Education plays a very important role in
the modernization of
our country " .
E. Your composition must be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.
OUTLEVE:
1. Present sluation
2. Necessity of the project
3. My suggestion
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